The nature of encaustic to both preserve and color led to its use on the stone work of both architecture and statuary. Decorative terra cotta work on interiors was also painted with encaustic, which preceded mosaics. In the 18th century, encaustic painting was re-examined in order to rediscover the techniques of the ancient painters. It was explored in the 19th century to solve the dampness problems of mural painters in northern climates.

Tools & Materials
The tools and materials for encaustic painting include equipment for melting the wax, tools for applying and manipulating the wax, pigments to color the wax and rigid surfaces to paint on. Beeswax is the basic wax ingredient but it melts at a very low temperature (120 degrees F). Damar resin, which must be melted and strained, can be added to raise the melting temperature and add a slight sheen. Carnuaba wax, a vegetable wax, is also frequently used to raise the melting temperature. Pigment can be added as a powder, or purchased in commercial wax sticks.

A soft wax painting medium can be created by the addition of turpentine to the melted wax mixture but care must be used to prevent fire and this must be done in a well ventilated area. This can be very toxic and can make the encaustic soft. 

Encaustics, except for very small ones, must be done on rigid panels. Unprimed wood or masonite is a suitable grounds. For small pieces, heavy watercolor paper or mat board can be used.