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stone and mixed media sculpture,
"Earthprints" and "Secrets series"
Encaustic painting was practiced by Greek artists as far back as the 5th century B.C. The Greeks applied coatings of wax and resin to weatherproof and decorate their ships.
The nature of
encaustic to both preserve and color led to its use on the stone
work of both architecture and statuary. Decorative terra cotta work
on interiors was also painted with encaustic, which preceded mosaics.
In the 18th century, encaustic painting was re-examined in order
to rediscover the techniques of the ancient painters. It was explored
in the 19th century to solve the dampness problems of mural painters
in northern climates.
Tools & Materials
The tools and materials for encaustic painting include
equipment for melting the wax, tools for applying and manipulating
the wax, pigments to color the wax and rigid surfaces to paint on.
The heat softened surface can also be carved. Beeswax is the basic wax ingredient but it melts at a very low temperature
(120 degrees F). Damar resin, which must be melted and strained,
can be added to raise the melting temperature and add a slight sheen.
Carnuaba wax, a vegetable wax, is also frequently used to raise
the melting temperature. Pigment can be added as a powder, or purchased
in commercial wax sticks.
A soft wax painting medium can be created by the addition of turpentine to the melted wax mixture but care must be used to prevent fire and this must be done in a well ventilated area. This can be very toxic and can make the encaustic soft.
Encaustics, except for very small ones, must be done on rigid panels. Unprimed wood or masonite is a suitable grounds. For small pieces, heavy watercolor paper or mat board can be used.
Care
As
with all fine art, encaustic paintings should not be subjected to
direct sun or excessive heat. A soft, cotton cloth can be used to
lightly buff the surface occasionally.
Supplies
As encaustics are gaining in popularity, they are becoming more
available. Check you favorite art supplier. Always use the most
archival materials available and research any medium for the best
products, techniques, safety and application.
Links to supplies:
Pearl Fine
Art Supplies
Dick
Blick
Daniel Smith
R & F Handmade
Paints
